What sports is cricket ? A detailed information

What sports is cricket ? Cricket, also known as woodball, is a comprehensive sport that exercises hand-eye coordination and combines upper limb movement control, skills and strength. The competition is a team event. Let’s get detail and know what sports is cricket.

Origin and Development

Cricket originated in the United Kingdom and is popular in Australia, New Zealand, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and other countries.
The cricket season is in spring and summer, which complements football played in autumn and winter. In
the 13th century, King Edward I of England played a sport similar to cricket in Kent in southeast England. Cricket is known as an aristocratic sport. Henry VIII called cricket “the sport of the king”. It is the national sport of the United Kingdom and one of the three major sports in the United Kingdom (football, rugby, cricket). Cricket is also regarded as a sport for the middle class. In the past 20 years, Australia has been the dominant force in cricket. England’s strength is recovering.
The prototype of cricket can be traced back to the 12th century. Around 1300, there were written records in England that Prince Edward, the son of Edward I, played a sport called “creag”. Data from 1598 showed that students at the Royal Grammar School, Guildford, had participated in cricket. This is generally considered to be the first mention of cricket in English. The word “cricket” seems to have many origins, possibly derived from the early word for cricket bat: the Old French “criquet” (meaning a short stick), the Flemish “krick(e)” (meaning a stick or club), or the Old English “cricc” or “cryce” (meaning a staff or pole). In addition, the French “criquet” seems to come from the Flemish “krickstoel”, which means a long low bench in a church where people kneel and pray, thus symbolizing the long and short three-post wicket used in early cricket with only two upright goalposts.

18th century

From the mid-17th century to the 18th century, cricket gradually changed from a children’s game to a gambling sport among adult men. The early two-post and a long crossbar developed into a three-wicket cricket game at Sevenoaks Cricket Club in Kent (the reason for this is a folk legend that a pitcher kept throwing the ball between the two posts, but no one can be sure because the speed was too fast). The first cricket match using three wickets was held at Old Coulsdon in Surrey. The confident Coulsdon and Caterham team aimed to beat England’s random eleven and held the increasingly popular challenge match in 1731. Around 1750, a cricket club was established in Hambledon, Hampshire. In 1788, the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) formulated the first set of cricket laws to regulate cricket matches between the counties of England.

World Cup

Melbourne National Stadium, 87,182 people watched
the Cricket World Cup (ICC Cricket World Cup) is a one-day single-inning cricket match organized by the International Cricket Council. The competition is one of the most watched sports in the world and is the fourth largest event in the world after the Olympic Games, the FIFA World Cup and the Rugby World Cup. The first Cricket World Cup was held in England in 1975.

Rules of the game

Time

Cricket matches vary in length. In international cricket, a Test match lasts six hours or more a day for five days, with each side playing two innings. There are also many lunch and tea breaks. The rich cricket terminology is very confusing for laymen. There are also one-day matches, in which each side only plays one innings with a limited number of overs, also called limited overs. One-day matches are divided into international one-day matches (One Day International) and international twenty-twenty matches (Twenty20 International).

The former is 50 overs per side, and the latter is 20 overs per side, making the longer matches full of intensity. In addition to international competitions, there are first-class matches with unlimited overs, one-day matches (One Day, also known as List A) with 50 overs per side, and twenty-twenty matches (Twenty20) with 20 overs per side. Next are the competitions between small local clubs, which generally only hold unlimited rounds matches with one inning per side and single-day matches with 50 rounds per side.

Goal

cricket is a sport based on batting, bowling and fielding. Participants are divided into two teams, usually 11 players each, one team is the attacking team and the other is the defending team. The attacking players are batsmen. During the game, only two people can be sent to the field at a time, and they strive to get high scores; one is responsible for batting and scoring points, and the other cooperates to score points.

The defending team has 11 players on the field at the same time. One is the bowler, who is responsible for throwing the ball into the wicket behind the batsman, trying to drive him out. The other players are fielders, who are responsible for catching the ball hit by the batsman to prevent the attacking team from scoring runs. After the attacking team’s innings are over, the two teams will switch offense and defense, and the team with the higher score will be the winner.
The bowling team will try its best to get the opponent’s batsman out.

There are several ways to get a batsman out

1. The bowler hits the stumps (Bowled).
2. The ball is caught by a player on the bowling side before it hits the ground (Caught).
3. The batsman’s legs block the ball (Leg Before Wicket, LBW). If the ball is thrown in the narrow area between the two goal posts, and the batsman’s legs block the ball that would have hit the goal posts, the batsman is out. This rule is similar to offside in football.
4. When the batsman is running, the catcher on the bowling side is always ready to hit the stumps with the ball. If the catcher hits the stumps with the ball before the batsman runs back to the batting area boundary, the batsman is out (Run out).
5. The batsman does not hit the ball during the batting process and leaves the batting area boundary. The wicketkeeper hits the wicket with the ball before the batsman returns, and the batsman is out (Stumped).
6. If a batsman holds the ball with his hands, he is also out (Handling the ball). This rarely happens.
7. Hit the ball twice intentionally.
8. Time out. This rarely happens. Cricket is a gentleman’s sport, and players on both sides respect each other. According to the rules, after the stumps are hit, the new batsman must be in place within 3 minutes. If it is later than three minutes, the batsman is out.
9. The batsman touches the stumps (Hit wicket).
10. The batsman disrupts the field. This rarely happens.

The team

That is bowling has all 11 players on the field, but the team that is batting has only two players on the field at a time. The captain of the team that is bowling can place nine catchers around the field. The other two are the bowler and the catcher. The bowler
bowls the ball, while the batsman of the opposing team bats the ball and tries to score runs. Each run between the two stumps is scored one point.
If the ball hit by the batsman reaches the edge of the field, four points are scored. If the ball is hit directly out of bounds, six points are scored.
Although all 11 players on the batting team have a chance to bat, if 10 batsmen are out, the entire team is considered all out, because the last batsman has no teammates to work with him.
Both teams can have a substitute player, called the “twelfth man”, who cannot bowl or bat, but can only defend.
An innings does not have to end when the entire team is out. If the captain believes that his side has scored enough points, he can declare the innings over. This method can only happen in limited-overs matches, because in limited-overs matches, the competition is about which side scores more points in the specified overs, and declaring the end of the match will become meaningless. Although there is no mention in the laws of cricket about whether the end of a limited-overs match can be declared, this kind of thing never happens. In test matches, if the first team scores 150 or more points more than the second team in the first innings, the captain of the first team can choose to let the second team start the second innings first (follow on).

Victory

If a team wins, there are three situations:
1. Successfully recover the target score, which is expressed as winning by N wickets. 2. Successfully maintain the target score, which is expressed as winning by N runs. N = total score of the winner – total score of the loser.
3. Successfully maintain the target score with one innings left. This only happens in unlimited overs matches, which is expressed as winning by N runs with one innings left. N = score of the winner – total score of the loser.

Draw

occurs in unlimited overs matches, meaning that the game is not decided within the time limit, the pitcher fails to send the batter out, and the batter fails to complete the required score. Draws often occur in matches, and bad weather is also a factor in draws. Of course, a draw does not mean that the game is boring. Sometimes, turning a defeat into a draw is as important as turning a defeat into a victory.

Ties are rare in comparison to draws

In nearly 2,000 Test matches, there have been only two ties (Australia vs West Indies in 1960 and Australia vs India in 1986). Ties occur when the batting side is all out when the totals of the two teams are equal. There have been 23 ties in one-day international matches, including England vs New Zealand on February 20, 2008. In the newly introduced Twenty20 international matches, there have been 4 ties.
It is worth noting that in a test match between England and Zimbabwe in December 1996, there was a tie with equal totals. This is also the only tie in the history of cricket.

No results

A tie in an unlimited rounds match is call a no results match. This means that due to special factors, the match cannot be decide and there is no result. No results often occur due to weather interruptions. In order to get the result of the interrupt match as much as possible, the D/L calculation method, or the “Duckworth/Lewis Method”, was developed by Frank Duckworth and Tony Lewis to calculate the set score of the second team when the limited rounds are shortened, so as to get the result of the match.

The fairway 

a rectangular shape, 22 yards/20.12 meters long and 10 feet/3.05 meters wide, with white lines for pitching at both ends and imaginary lines on both sides. An imaginary center line is connect to the center post in the middle of the court. See Rules 8.1 (Width and fairway) and 9.2 (The bowling crease).

The suitability of

the course is determine by the referee. Rules 3.8 (suitability of course, weather and light) and 3.9 (suspension of play in adverse conditions)

Replacement

In general, the lane cannot be change during the game, unless the referee considers the lane is unsuitable for play or dangerous and obtains the consent of the captains of both teams.

Width and Fixing

Two sets of wickets shall be place parallel to each other on either side of the fairway, 22 yards/20.12 metres apart. Each set shall be 9 inches/22.86 centimetres wide and supported by three pillars and two small wooden posts on top.

The size of the golf

pins must be erect 28 inches/71.1 cm from the surface of the fairway and be cylindrical. The diameter of each pin cannot be less than 1 3/8 inches/3.49 cm and not more than 1 1/ inch/3.81 cm.

Three-post door logs

(a) When the log is place on top of the door post
(i) It must not extend beyond the top of the door post by more than 1/2 inch / 1.27 cm
(ii) When the log is place on top of the door post, it must not interfere with the verticality of the door post.
(b) Each door post must meet the following specifications. See Appendix A
Overall length 4 5/16 inches / 10.95 cm
Barrel length 2 1/8 inches / 5.40 cm
Long plug 1 3/8 inches / 3.49 cm
Short plug 3/16 inches / 2.06 cm

Non-natural grass fairways

If non-natural grass fairways are used, the specifications of artificial fairways are:
Length – not less than 58 feet/17.68
meters Width – not less than 6 feet/1.83 meters
▲Before the wicket
match, the venue supervisor shall be responsible for selecting and preparing the fairway for the match. During the match, the referee shall be responsible for supervision, use and maintenance.

The ball use in cricket

is make of cork in the center and red leather on the outside. The red leather is sew together with thread. This part is call the “seam”. Fast bowlers let this part of the ball hit the ground first, and with the help of the field, the ball can be deviate from its original direction, making it more difficult to hit. In the past, cricket players wore white T-shirts, and with the use of colored clothes, white balls were sometimes use.

Weight and Size

A brand new cricket ball must weigh no less than 5 1/2 ounces/155.9 grams, or no more than 5 3/4 ounces/163 grams, and have a circumference no less than 8 13/16 inches/22.4 centimeters, or no more than 9 inches/22.9 centimeters.

Identification and Control

(a) All cricket balls use in a match must be identified by the umpire and the captain and must be kept by the umpire before the toss and until the end of the match.
(b) The umpire must take possession of the ball before each dismissal or half-time and during any interruption in play.

Bat Size

Width and Length
The bat cannot be larger than 38 inches/96.5 cm in total length and must be made of solid wood. The widest part cannot be larger than 4 1/4 inches/10.8 cm.

The batting
board can be cover with materials for protection, reinforcement and maintenance. The material cannot be thicker than 1/16 inch/1.56 mm and cannot cause damage to the ball.

Part of the bat
(a) The bat is the bat in the hand of the batsman.
(b) The ball is in contact with the bat when the ball
(i) comes into contact with the bat of the batsman;
(ii) comes into contact with the batsman’s hand (when the hand comes into contact with the bat); or
(iii) comes into contact with any part of the glove of the batsman (when any part of the glove comes into contact with the bat).